Set on the fictional island of Motunui, Moana draws heavily from the heritage of Polynesian islands like Hawaii, Samoa, Tonga, and Tahiti. The film incorporates elements such as Samoan-inspired homes and traditional Polynesian tattoo art, celebrating this vibrant culture.
The film follows Moana, the daughter of Chief Tui, as she embarks on a journey to return the heart of the goddess Te Fiti, stolen by Maui, a shape-shifting demigod. This theft has caused a blight threatening her island.
Voyaging Canoes
Polynesians were skilled seafarers. Moana’s canoe is inspired by outrigger designs, though larger double-hulled canoes were the primary vessels for long Pacific voyages.
Language and Family
Polynesian languages, like Samoan and Tokelauan, appear in the film, enhancing its authenticity. Themes of family and heritage resonate deeply, reflecting Polynesian values.
Research and Authenticity
To ensure cultural accuracy, directors Ron Clements and John Musker conducted extensive research. They visited Fiji, Tahiti, and Samoa, consulting with anthropologists, linguists, elders, and cultural practitioners via the Oceanic Story Trust. Their input shaped everything from character designs to setting details.
The “Long Pause” and Wayfinding
The movie reflects the historical “Long Pause,” a 2,000-year period during which Polynesians ceased long-distance voyaging. Moana’s journey represents her people rediscovering wayfinding—a navigation art relying on stars, ocean patterns, and oral tradition.
Maui’s Mythology
The character Maui combines elements from various Polynesian legends. His magical fishhook, a key aspect of Māori and Polynesian lore, is central to the film. However, Maui’s depiction sparked some debate, particularly regarding his physical appearance and its alignment with cultural expectations.
Moana’s Attention to Detail
The film incorporates authentic details like traditional fale homes, Samoan tattoos, and ancient canoe designs. Even Moana’s clothing and cooking methods are culturally specific, demonstrating the impact of collaboration with cultural experts.
By blending Polynesian mythology with historical elements, Moana introduces global audiences to the richness of Polynesian culture while celebrating themes of exploration, identity, and legacy.
