Diwali, also known as Deepawali, is not just a festival of lights; it’s a celebration that transcends boundaries, cultures, and traditions. Marked by its enchanting beauty, this significant Hindu festival signifies the victory of light over darkness. But did you know that in different regions of India, the celebration takes on unique flavors? In West Bengal, for instance, the festival of Diwali aligns with the worship of Goddess Kali, adding a rich layer of tradition to the festivities.
A Glimpse into Diwali’s Essence
Diwali falls on the darkest day of the year, a time when devotees celebrate the return of Lord Ram, the seventh avatar of Vishnu, to Ayodhya after a 14-year exile. Upon his return, the citizens of Ayodhya illuminated their homes with diyas and candles, symbolizing hope and joy. As the festival approaches, homes across India are adorned with lights, diyas, and candles, welcoming prosperity and success.
On this auspicious day, worshipping Goddess Lakshmi, the harbinger of wealth and well-being, along with Lord Ganesha, who removes obstacles, is a common practice across the nation. However, in the eastern states of India, particularly West Bengal, Odisha, and Assam, the celebration takes a different turn.
Worshipping Goddess Kali on Diwali
For Bengalis, Kali Puja emerges as the second most significant Hindu festival after Durga Puja. Goddess Kali, a powerful incarnation of Durga, embodies strength and resilience. Legend has it that Kali took this fierce form to vanquish the fearsome demon Raktabija, who could replicate himself with every drop of his blood. To stop him, the Goddess consumed every droplet, thus sealing her victory.
In the 16th century, the sage Krishnananda Agamavagisha had a divine dream where the Goddess instructed him to worship her in this fierce form. The tradition gained momentum in the 19th century, thanks to the efforts of Shri Ramkrishna Paramahamsa, a renowned devotee of Kali.
This year, Kali Puja coincides with Diwali, which adds to the festive spirit. Devotees will seek protection from evils, both external and internal, by invoking the Goddess’s power on this new moon night, which perfectly aligns with the darkest day of the year.
The Distinctive Rituals of Kali Puja
Kali Puja rituals are as vibrant as the festival itself. Homes and temples are decorated with flowers, fruits, and sweets, creating an inviting atmosphere. Devotees often set up elaborate altars adorned with images or idols of Kali, offering her red hibiscus flowers, rice, and sweets. The air is filled with the sound of mantras and prayers, as families come together to honor the fierce yet compassionate Goddess.
One of the most notable aspects of Kali Puja is the Nabanna ritual, where newly harvested rice is offered to the Goddess, symbolizing abundance and gratitude. The festivities often culminate in community feasts, celebrating the bountiful harvest and the spirit of togetherness.
A Contrast in Worship: Lakshmi vs. Kali
While the rest of India dedicates Diwali to Goddess Lakshmi, celebrating her five days after Vijayadashami during the Kojagori Lokkhi Pujo, Bengalis embrace the darker yet potent energy of Kali on the very day of Diwali. This contrast highlights India’s rich diversity, where the same festival can take on unique meanings and practices depending on the region.
Celebrate the Spirit of Diwali
As the festival approaches, take a moment to reflect on the stories, rituals, and meanings that shape this time of year. Whether you light diyas in your home, partake in the vibrant rituals of Kali Puja, or simply enjoy the company of loved ones, Diwali offers a chance to celebrate light, love, and the triumph of good over evil.
This year, as you immerse yourself in the festivities, remember the power of unity and the diverse traditions that make Diwali a truly special celebration across India.
