Gwadar, Once Offered to India, Now a Vital Pakistani Port City

In a surprising historical twist, it has been revealed that Gwadar, now a key Pakistani city, was offered to India in the 1950s. This revelation comes amid political tensions, with the BJP criticizing the Congress for its decision to hand over the strategic Katchatheevu island to Sri Lanka in the 1970s.

The offer of Gwadar to India by the Sultan of Oman in the 1950s went unheeded by the Indian government under Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Brigadier Gurmeet Kanwal (Retd) criticized this decision, highlighting its significance in a 2016 opinion piece, stating that it was akin to a “huge mistake” among post-independence strategic blunders.

Situated in the southwestern region of Pakistan, Gwadar holds immense geostrategic importance due to its location at the mouth of the Persian Gulf. Its significance stems from being a vital hub for maritime trade and commerce, making it a coveted asset for any nation.

The historical narrative of Gwadar is intricate, characterized by transitions of ownership and control over the centuries. Originally part of the Sultanate of Oman in the 18th century, Gwadar later came under the jurisdiction of the Khanate of Kalat before being annexed by Pakistan in 1958.

Negotiations between Pakistan and Oman in the 1950s led to the eventual acquisition of Gwadar by Pakistan in 1958 for $3 million. This transaction marked a pivotal moment in Pakistan’s efforts to bolster its maritime capabilities and access to the Arabian Sea.

While there have been claims suggesting an offer of Gwadar to India, supported by unofficial sources, official records confirm its Omani ownership until Pakistan’s purchase. Following its acquisition, Pakistan embarked on development projects aimed at transforming Gwadar into a major deep-sea port and an economic centre.

In recent years, Gwadar has attracted international attention due to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) project. This initiative aims to elevate Gwadar Port’s infrastructure and connectivity as part of broader efforts to enhance trade between China and Pakistan.

The journey of Gwadar from a humble fishing village to a strategically significant port city underscores the evolving geopolitical landscape of the region and the pivotal role of maritime infrastructure in shaping global trade and commerce.