WHO Warns Of Increasing Liver Cancer Deaths In South-East Asia Due To Hepatitis Epidemic

The World Health Organization on Saturday called on countries in the South-East Asia Region to urgently scale up efforts to provide universal access to prevention, vaccination, diagnosis, and treatment of viral hepatitis B and C.

Despite being preventable and treatable, these chronic infections are increasingly causing serious illness and deaths from liver cancer, cirrhosis, and liver failure in the region, a press release from WHO said.

Today, liver cancer is the fourth biggest cause of cancer deaths in the region, and the second most common cause of cancer deaths among men. Almost 75% of liver cirrhosis is due to hepatitis B and C infection, the press release said.

In 2022, the region accounted for 70.5 million people living with viral hepatitis B and C. Early testing and treatment can cure hepatitis C and prevent hepatitis B from causing liver cirrhosis and cancer and can help reverse the predictions that liver cancer rates in South-East Asia Region are set to double by 2050 to over 200,000 deaths annually, the WHO release said.

“We have the knowledge and tools to prevent, dignose and treat viral hepatitis, yet people with chronic hepatitis B and C are still waiting to access the services they need.

We need to accelerate efforts to deliver equitable services closer to communities, at the primary health care level,” said Saima Wazed, Regional Director of World Health Organisation South-East Asia on the World Hepatitis Day.

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Globally, hepatitis B and C combined cause 3,500 deaths per day, with 6,000 people newly infected with viral hepatitis each day.

An estimated 254 million people are living with hepatitis B and 50 million people are living with hepatitis C, worldwide.

Many people remain undiagnosed, and even when diagnosed, the number of people getting services and receiving treatment remains extremely low.

In 2022, about 1.3 million people died of viral hepatitis, the same as deaths caused by tuberculosis. Viral hepatitis and tuberculosis were the second leading causes of death among communicable diseases in 2022, after Covid-19.

In WHO South-East Asia Region, the coverage of hepatitis B and C testing and treatment remains low. In 2022, only 2.8% people with hepatitis B were diagnosed, and 3.5% of those diagnosed received treatment. Only 26% and 14% of people with hepatitis C were diagnosed and treated, respectively.

“We have safe and effective vaccines that can prevent hepatitis B infection. Antiviral drugs are highly effective in controlling and preventing disease progression, managing chronic hepatitis B and curing most cases of hepatitis C. More needs to be done for these life-saving interventions to benefit each person, irrespective of who they are and where they live,” Wazed said.

Hepatitis B and C affect the general population and specific populations such as those at higher risk of or with a history of exposure through unsafe blood supplies, unsafe medical injections and other health procedures; newborns and children at risk through mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B and C, notably in settings with high viral hepatitis prevalence; indigenous populations and mobile and migrant populations from countries with higher prevalence; and key populations, including people who inject drugs, people in prisons and other closed settings and sex workers.

As most people are unaware hepatitis B or C diagnosis, access to hepatitis testing and treatment needs to be expanded beyond larger hospitals or referral centres within the community delivered by primary health care facilities and general practitioners, close to where people live and work, and included as part of universal health coverage.

WITH INPUTS FROM ANI

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